וְדִבְּר֣וּ הַשֹּֽׁטְרִים֮ אֶל־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹר֒ מִֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּנָ֤ה בַֽיִת־חָדָשׁ֙ וְלֹ֣א חֲנָכ֔וֹ יֵלֵ֖ךְ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לְבֵית֑וֹ פֶּן־יָמוּת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אַחֵ֖ר יַחְנְכֶֽנּוּ׃
Lalu para petugas harus berbicara kepada bangsa itu, katanya: “Siapakah orang yang telah membangun rumah baru tetapi belum mulai mendiaminya? Hendaklah ia pergi dan pulang ke rumahnya, supaya jangan ia mati dalam pertempuran lalu orang lain yang mulai mendiaminya.
English Explanation of Mishnah Sotah
“Then the officers shall address the people saying: ‘Is there anyone who has built a new house but has not dedicated it? Let him go back to his home’” (Deuteronomy 20:5). It is the same whether he built a house for straw, a house for cattle, a house for wood, or a storehouse; It is the same whether he built, purchased, inherited or somebody gave it to him as a present. The first exemption is given to the person who built a house. The mishnah expands this to include any kind of house, even one not intended as living quarters. In tomorrow’s mishnah we shall see some exemptions to this category. It also expands the category to include those who acquired a house by a means other than building it themselves.
German Commentary
Und es sollen sprechen die Beamten zum Volke wie folgt. Die Worte מי האיש … bis ואיש אחר יקחנה (Deut. 20, 5—7) wurden von dem משוח מלחמה gesprochen und von den Beamten dem Heere übermittelt (Talmud 43a). Dies geschah jedoch schon an der Landesgrenze, noch vor der Aufstellung des Heeres zum Kampfe (so Raschi nach Talmud 42a und b). Nach Maim. (מלכים הלכות VII, 1—3; vgl. dazu לחם משנה) wurden jedoch diese Worte zweimal gesprochen; einmal an der Grenze und ein zweites Mal kurz vor dem Kampfe. Diese Ansicht scheint auf eine Kombination der Angabe in der Gemara (42 a und b) mit Tossifta VII zu beruhen (vgl. den Kommentar חסדי דוד zur Tossiftastelle in ed. Romm).
Rashi
All of these [statements about] a house are written [in the Bible] - "the doorposts (mezuzot) of your house" (Deut. 6:9); "when you build a new house" (Deut. 22:8); "the one who owns the house shall come" (Lev. 14:35); "[a man] who sold a dwelling-house [in a walled city]" (Lev. 25:29); "[a man] who built a new house" (Deut. 20:5).
German Commentary
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Hanya tersedia untuk anggota PremiumRashi
לכל דבר AS REGARDS ANYTHING that is a requirement of the army: not to supply water and food, nor to repair the roads, whilst those who returned from the battle array at the bidding of the priest, e.g., one who had built a new house and had not yet dedicated it, or one who had betrothed a woman and had not yet taken her to wife (Deuteronomy 20:5—7), are bound to supply water and food and to repair roads (Sifrei Devarim 271:2; Sotah 44a).