Sifrei Mitzvot untuk Imamat 19:36

And uphold the justness of your weights.

To not cheat in measures, and all measures are included: To not cheat in liquid and dry measures, and not with scales; and included in measures is also the measuring of lands; and anything that is measured by people, such as clothes and that which is similar to them — as it is stated (Leviticus 19:35), “You shall not pervert justice with measures of length, weight or capacity (mesurah).” And they, may their memory be blessed, explained (Bava Metzia 61b) that mesurah is a liquid and a dry measure; and it is the smallest measure, as it is one thirty-third of a log. And we learn from this that the Torah is concerned about the smallest amount with measures; meaning to say that even though the Torah was only concerned about [the value of] a small coin with other thefts, regarding measures, it was concerned about the smallest amount.

And the explanation of the verse is thus: “You shall not pervert justice” — and what is justice that is learned here? It is the “measures of length, weight or capacity.” And they, may their memory be blessed, learned (Sifra, Kedoshim, Chapter 8:5) from this that the verse mentioned justice here since the measurer is called a judge. And if he lies about the measure, it is like he corrupts the judgment and it is called perversion, disgusting, anathema and abomination. And he causes five things that are said about a judge: he defiles the land; profanes God; removes the Divine Presence; brings Israel down with the sword; and exiles them from their Land. And they emphasized the stringency of this commandment further and said (Bava Batra 88b), that its punishment is greater than the punishment for forbidden sexual relations; as [the latter] is between man and the Omnipresent and [the other] is between man and his fellow.