Midrash su Esodo 22:24

Our Rabbis were taught: He who annoys a stranger transgresses three negative commandments, and he who oppresses him transgresses two. Let us see, Regarding annoying, there are three negative commandments, (Ex. 22, 20; Lev. 19, 33 and 25, 17). If so, then there are three negative commandments concerning oppression also (namely, Ex. 22, 20; 23, 9 and 22, 24) — which include also the stranger. We must therefore say that in both cases, he transgresses three negative commandments.

(Exod. 22:24 [25]:) IF YOU LEND MONEY TO MY PEOPLE, <TO THE POOR PERSON WITH YOU, YOU SHALL NOT ACT TOWARD HIM AS A CREDITOR >…. This text is related (to Prov. 28:22): AN EVIL-EYED PERSON, whoever is quick to plunder the money of his comrade, MOVES QUICKLY AFTER WEALTH, AND HE DOES NOT KNOW THAT POVERTY (heser) WILL COME TO HIM, that a lack (heseron) will come upon him. This man was Ephron the Hittite.²³Below, Tanh. (Buber), Lev. 9:1; Deut. 4:4; Gen. R. 58:7; Exod. R. 31:17; PRK 10:1; cf. Tanh., Exod. 6:13, which identifies the man with Cain. When Abraham said (in Gen. 23:4–6): GIVE ME A BURIAL SITE AMONG YOU…, AND THE HITTITES ANSWERED…: HEAR US, MY LORD, Ephron said to him: But which place do you want? He said to him: I want a place in your field. He said to him (in vs. 15): <WHAT IS> A PIECE OF LAND WORTH FOUR HUNDRED SHEKELS OF SILVER <BETWEEN YOU AND ME>? Immediately (in vs. 16): SO ABRAHAM HEEDED EPHRON, AND ABRAHAM WEIGHED OUT THE MONEY FOR EPHRON ({'PRWN} ['PRN]). The vav (= W) is lacking (haser) <from his name> because he lusted to take Abraham's money. He did not know (from Prov. 28:22b) THAT POVERTY (heser) WILL COME TO HIM. Ergo (in Prov. 28:22a): <AN EVIL-EYED PERSON > MOVES QUICKLY AFTER WEALTH.

When R. Dimi came from Palestine, he said: "Whence do we deduce that if one is aware that his debtor has nothing with which to pay, he must not pass him by? From the following verse (Ex. 22, 24) Thou shalt not be to him as a creditor." R. Ami and R. Assi both said: "The debtor feels as if he were punished with two sentences [fire and water], as it is said (Ps. 66, 12) Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads; we went through fire and through water." R. Juda said, in the name of Rab: Who lends money to anyone without witnesses transgresses the commandment (Lev. 19, 14) Nor put a stumbling block before the blind." Resh Lakish adds that he causes a curse upon himself, as it is said (Ps. 31, 19) Let the lying lips be dumb which speak arrogantly against the righteous."