Talmud su Levitico 23:40
וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם לָכֶ֜ם בַּיּ֣וֹם הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן פְּרִ֨י עֵ֤ץ הָדָר֙ כַּפֹּ֣ת תְּמָרִ֔ים וַעֲנַ֥ף עֵץ־עָבֹ֖ת וְעַרְבֵי־נָ֑חַל וּשְׂמַחְתֶּ֗ם לִפְנֵ֛י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃
E ti porterai il primo giorno il frutto di alberi buoni, rami di palme e rami di alberi spessi e salici del ruscello e gioirai di fronte all'Eterno, il tuo Dio, sette giorni.
Jerusalem Talmud Sukkah
MISHNAH: A robbed or dried up lulav1Lev.23:40: You shall take for yourselves on the First Day a fruit of the splendor tree, date-tree palms, a branch of the rope tree, and brook-willows. The lulav is the young palm branch. While in the verse it is called “palm”, because the leaves of the palm-tree spread out from the spine of the branch like fingers of a hand, it is traditional to take a young branch with the leaves still tightly clinging to its spine. From this the name לולב “tube” (cf. Note 27). is disqualified. Of an ashera2A tree worshipped as a pagan deity, forbidden for all use. or a seduced city3An apostate city practicing idolatry which has to be destroyed and all its property burned, forbidden for all usufruct, Deut13:13–18., it is disqualified. If it was truncated, its leaves broken out, it is disqualified. If its leaves were spread out, it is qualified; Rebbi Jehudah says, he shall tie them at the top4As long as the leaves are connected they can be tied together to produce the desired shape of a solid tube.. The stone palms of Iron Mountain are qualified. Any lulav three hand-breadths long to shake it5As explained in Mishnaiot 8 ff., the main use of the “four kinds” mentioned in the verse is to shake them during the recitation of Hallel, Ps. 113–118. is qualified.
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Jerusalem Talmud Sukkah
HALAKHAH: “A robbed or dried up lulav is disqualified,” etc. Rebbi Ḥiyya stated: You shall take for yourselves1Lev.23:40: You shall take for yourselves on the First Day a fruit of the splendor tree, date-tree palms, a branch of the rope tree, and brook-willows. The lulav is the young palm branch. While in the verse it is called “palm”, because the leaves of the palm-tree spread out from the spine of the branch like fingers of a hand, it is traditional to take a young branch with the leaves still tightly clinging to its spine. From this the name לולב “tube” (cf. Note 27)., from what is your own6Babli 29b; Sifra Emor Pereq17(2). The paragraph is a much shortened version of Lev.r. 30(6), starting with R. Ḥiyya’s statement and ending with the lesson “woe to this one …”. Rebbi Levi said, to what is one compared who takes a robbed lulav? To one who honored the ruler with a basket and it turned out that it belonged to the latter. One says, woe to this one whose defender7Greek συνήγορος. became his prosecutor8Greek κατήγορος..
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Jerusalem Talmud Sukkah
9This paragraph is part of a text in Yebamot12:2 (Notes 50–59,ז). A ram’s horn of idolatry10The ram's horn used on New Year's Day. or a seduced city11The usufruct of any implements of idolatrous worship is forbidden. The horn is only permitted since Divine Commandments are not for enjoyment or use. The Babli, Roš Haššanah28a, agrees.. Rebbi Eleazar said, it is qualified. Rebbi Ḥiyya stated, it is qualified. Rebbi Hoshaia stated, it is disqualified12The Babli, Roš Haššanah28a, disagrees in this case since a ram's horn in a “seduced city” must be burned and therefore is considered to be ashes even if not burned. Arguments of this kind are absent in the Yerushalmi.. Everybody agrees about a lulav that it is disqualified. What is the difference between a ram’s horn and a lulav? Rebbi Yose said, about a lulav it is written: You shall take for yourselves1Lev.23:40: You shall take for yourselves on the First Day a fruit of the splendor tree, date-tree palms, a branch of the rope tree, and brook-willows. The lulav is the young palm branch. While in the verse it is called “palm”, because the leaves of the palm-tree spread out from the spine of the branch like fingers of a hand, it is traditional to take a young branch with the leaves still tightly clinging to its spine. From this the name לולב “tube” (cf. Note 27)., from what is your own6Babli 29b; Sifra Emor Pereq17(2). The paragraph is a much shortened version of Lev.r. 30(6), starting with R. Ḥiyya’s statement and ending with the lesson “woe to this one …”. Not from what is forbidden for usufruct. But here, a day of horn blowing it shall be for you13Num. 29:1.. Rebbi Eleazar said, there he fulfills his obligation by the thing itself14It is a general rule that a stolen or robbed object has to be returned in kind to its owner only if it is unchanged. Once the thief or robber has changed it so its original shape cannot be restored, it becomes the property of its current holder and the original owner only has a claim for its money’s worth and eventual fines (Or zarua § 274). Therefore it is the robber’s property and even in the case of a lulav could be used on the holiday.. But here he fulfills his obligation by the sound. Is there a sound which is forbidden for usufruct?
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