신명기 31:7의 주석

כי אתה תבוא את העם הזה — Translate this as the Targum does: ארי אתה תעול עם עמא הדין, THOU SHALT GO WITH THIS PEOPLE. Moses, by the statement “Thou shall go with this people” (as one of them) said in effect to Joshua: The elders of the generation will be with thee: everything has to be done according to their opinion and their advice. The Holy One, blessed be He, however, said to Joshua, (v. 23) “For thou shalt bring (תביא) the children of Israel into the land which I swore unto them” — thou shalt bring them even against their will; everything depends on you alone: if necessary take a stick and beat them over the head: there can be but one leader for a generation, and not two leaders for a generation (Sanhedrin 8a).

כי אתה תבא, even though I myself have not merited this.

כי אתה תבא את העם הזה, "for you will come with this people, etc." Moses did not say תביא, "you will bring this people," seeing it was G'd who would actually bring the people by destroying their opposition. All Joshua was required to do was to march at the head of the people. While it is true that our sages in Sanhedrin 8 drew our attention to the end of our portion (verse 23) where G'd tells Joshua "you shall bring the children of Israel to the land I have sworn to them," the reason that G'd used the expression תביא was to correct the impression Moses' words had left when he said תבא. According to Rabbi Yochanan Moses meant "you and the elders." G'd objected by saying that there can only be one authoritative spokesman per generation, i.e; dabbar echad ledor. To make this point, G'd said to Joshua "you will bring," instead of "you will come." Now that we have that verse we can interpret the verse in which Moses said "you will come" as a reminder that G'd would do the actual "bringing."

There are two meanings in this, according to the manner of Mishneh Torah (Deuteronomy).

Let the elders of the generation join with you, etc. Rashi is answering the question: Later (v. 23) it is written, For you will bring, etc. If so, the verses apparently contradict each other! One cannot answer that You will come has the same meaning as You will bring in order that these verses do not contradict each other. This is not the case, for Unkelos translated the [verse] For you will come, etc. as Because you will go up with this people. Rashi answers and explains that here [it is] Moshe who said it to him.

V. 7. חזק ואמץ .ויקרא וגו׳, die an das Volk gerichtete Anforderung: חזקו ואמצו bezog sich dem Zusammenhange nach zunächst auf die im Kampfe mit den Bevölkerungen des Landes zu bewährende Festigkeit und Stärke. Die Anrede חזק ואמץ an Josua aber umfasst seine ganze Aufgabe als Führer des Volkes. So wiederholt (Josua 1, 6. 7 u. 9) רק חזק ואמץ מאד לשמר לעשות ,חזק ואמץ כי אתה תנחיל וגו׳ הלא צויתיך חזק ואמץ ,בכל התורה וגו׳, und wird dies (Berachot 32 b) speziell erläutert: חזק בתורה ואמץ במעשים טובים, bleibe fest in Erkenntnis deiner Aufgaben aus der תורה und sei stark in Überwindung aller Hindernisse bei deren Lösung. Fest im Prinzipe und stark in der Ausführung, das sind die ersten Anforderungen an den Führer.

לעיני כל ישראל, “in the sight of all of Israel;” this was necessary so that none of them would ever be able to say toJoshua that as long as Moses had been alive he had not had permission to assume the mantle of leadership.

One leader [דבר] for a generation, etc. The meaning of dabor is leader.

כי אתה תבא את העם הזה, “for you will come with this people;” seeing that here Moses was speaking with Joshua in the presence of the whole people, he honoured the Jewish people by not saying that Joshua would go ahead of them when crossing the Jordan, but that they would walk alongside them.