창세기 4:6의 미드라쉬

(Exod. 34:27:) AND THE LORD SAID UNTO MOSES: WRITE DOWN THESE WORDS. This text is related (to Hos. 8:12): SHOULD I WRITE THE FULL ABUNDANCE OF MY TORAH (i.e., including the Oral Torah) FOR HIM? When the Holy One came to give the Torah, he spoke it to Moses in <this> order: the Scripture, the Mishnah, the Aggadah, and the Talmud.⁷⁵Exod. R. 47:1; cf. above Tanh. (Buber), Gen. 4:6; Tanh., Gen. 4:5; Exod. 9:34; PR 5:1; yPe’ah 2:6 17a. It is so stated (in Exod. 20:1): THEN GOD SPOKE ALL THESE WORDS. At that time the Holy One told Moses even what an advanced student <one day> would ask his teacher, as stated (ibid.): THEN GOD SPOKE ALL <THESE> WORDS. After Moses had learned it, the Holy One said to him: Go and teach it to my children. Moses said to him: Sovereign of the World, write it down for your children. He said to him: I want to give it to them in writing, because it has been revealed to me that the peoples of the world are going to have dominion over them and take it away from them, so that my children would be like the peoples of the world. Then give them the Scripture in writing but the Mishnah, the Aggadah, and the Talmud orally. (Exod. 34:27): AND THE LORD SAID UNTO MOSES: WRITE DOWN < THESE WORDS >. This is Scripture. (Ibid., cont.:) FOR ORALLY IN⁷⁶Al pi, literally; ON THE MOUTH OF. English translations would normally render al pi IN ACCORDANCE WITH, or something similar. <THESE WORDS…, i.e.> in the Mishnah and the Talmud, since they separate Israel from the peoples of the world.

Choose us out. This alludes to the mighty men who are fearful of sinning. And go out. That is, leave the protection of the clouds, and fight against Amalek tomorrow. Isi the son of Judah said: There are five verses in the Torah in which there are five words whose meanings are unclear: Lifted up, Cursed, Tomorrow, Made like almonds, and Rise up.¹⁶These words may be construed with what precedes or with what follows, yielding different meanings. Shall it not be lifted up? might be understood as in the verse If thou doest well, shall it not be lifted up? (Gen. 4:7), but on the other hand, it might be understood as Shall it not be lifted up even if thou doest not well? (Gen. 4:6). Cursed might be construed as in the verse For in their anger they slew men, and in their self-will they houghed [an accursed] oxen (Gen. 49:6–7), or it may be construed as in the verse Cursed be their anger (ibid., v. 7). Tomorrow might be understood as in the verse Go out and fight with Amalek tomorrow, or it might be interpreted as in the verse Tomorrow I will stand (Exod. 17:9). Made like almond blossoms might be understood as in the verse And in the candlestick four cups made like almond blossoms (Exod. 25:34), or as in the verse Like almond blossoms the knops thereof (ibid.). Rise up might be understood as in the verse Behold, thou art about to sleep with thy fathers, and this people will rise up (Deut. 31:16) or as in the verse Sleep with thy fathers, and rise up (ibid.).