Комментарий к Йешайау 14:19

like a despised sapling Like a sapling of a tree, which is despised by its owner, who digs it up and uproots it and takes it out. So were you cast out of your grave. The Sages stated (Lev. Rabbah 18:2): When he became an animal and a wild beast for seven years, the populace crowned Evil-Merodach, and when he was restored to his kingdom, he took him and imprisoned him in the dungeon until the day of his death. When he died, they took Evil-Merodach out of prison to crown him king, but he did not accept it upon himself. He said, If he returns to his kingdom, he will kill me. They said to him, He is dead and buried. But he did not believe them until they took him out of his grave and dragged him.

There is an old tradition that when Nebuchadnezzar had died, and was buried, he was dragged out of his grave again, because the people of his kingdom were in doubt whether he really was dead, and feared he might again return to them as he had done before.¹⁷See Rashi ad locum, and Dan. iv. This is perhaps really the fact; there is at least no doubt, that this verse refers to Nebuchadnezzar, who was the first of the Babylonian kings that reigned over Israel. This we may infer also from the words Prepare slaughter for his sons (ver. 21).¹⁸The question seems to be, whether this prophecy (verses 4—20) refers to Nebuchadnezzar, the first Babylonian tyrant that ruled over the Jews, whose fate, according to tradition, was just that described in verses 18—20, or to his grandson (according to I. E.) Belshazzar, the last king of Babylon, who was slam (Dan. 5:30), and most probably not buried with the honours of a king. I. E. is in favour of the former, because the extinction of the dynasty predicted in the words, Prepare slaughter for his children, etc., was not to begin with the king addressed here, but with one of his descendants.

[in] the garb of the slain With filthy apparel, like that of the slain.

כנצר As a bough.

of those pierced by the sword Heb. מְטֹעֲנֵי, pierced by spears (sic). “Pierced” in Arabic is ‘mut’an.’

מטועני Pierced. Comp. طَعَنَ (טען) to pierce in Arabic. According to some,—who in a rather circuitous way derive it from טען to load, comp. טענו load (Gen. 45:17)—full.¹⁹מטעני חרב full of wounds with the sword. A. V., Thrust through with a sword.

who descend to the stones of the pit to the depths of the pit, the place where stones sink there, you have descended.

מובס Trodden, A verb ע״ו; (root בוס.

like a trampled corpse Heb. מוּבָס. Jonathan renders: trampled, like (Ps. 44:6), “We will trample (נָבוּס) those who rise up against us”; (infra verse 25) “And on my mountains I will trample him (אֲבוּסֶנוּ)”; (Ezekiel 16: 6) “Trampled (מִתְבּוֹסֶסֶת) in your blood,” trampled like the mud of the streets.