Mga Kaugnay na Sipi sa Isaias 61:11

⁷⁶The origin of this paragraph is in Kilaim 3:1 (Notes 6–18,כ). In the copy here, an essential sentence was omitted by the scribe. On the other hand, the spelling here is somewhat more careful than in Kilaim.Its sown seeds: the minimum of seeds are two⁷⁷It does not say, it will make to germinate its seedling but its seedlings. The verse uses a plural for the seedlings in a garden( interpreted as one garden bed); this proves only that it is possible to sow more than one kind.. Rebbi Samuel bar Sisarta said, from two you infer four. Just as for two you start at the beginning of six and reduce continuously, so for four you start at the beginning of six and reduce continuously. It is impossible⁷⁸The correct Yerushalmi form for “impossible”; the form אי אפשר in כ is Babylonian. that there should not be a free space to plant in the middle⁷⁹The argument as explained by R. Simson: At the end of the paragraph, it is stated that one deals with a vegetable bed surrounded by other vegetable beds. The rules of “jailing” (Kilaim 2:8 Note 120) prohibit to grow one kind of produce on a field surrounded by four fields on which other kinds are grown and therefore require that at the corners squares of one hand-breadth each must be empty. In order to grow two kinds of plants, one may sow two strips, each 4 hand-breadths long, along parallel edges, each one 2.25 hand-breadths wide, so that the required separation of 1.5 hand-breadths be observed in the middle. But then the argument may be used also for the other two edges. This means that one sows four triangular patches; each one has a base of 4 hand-breadths on an edge of the garden bed, with base angles of 45°. These triangles must be separated by strips 1.5 hand-breadths wide. This means that at the edges, we must leave a square of edge length a empty, whose diagonal is 1.5 = a2^½. Hence, a = 1.061; the bases of the triangle can only be 3.878 hand-breadths. In that case, the distance of the third vertex of the triangle from its base is equal to half the base on the edge, or 1.939 hand-breadths. The distance from the center is a = 1.061 < 1.5. In order to plant a single seed in the middle, it is therefore necessary to cut off the triangles at distance 1.5 from center and edge, creating four congruent trapezoids. The height of a trapezoid is h=1.5, its base 2b=3.878. By similar triangles, the length t of its top is given by 2b/b = t/(b-h) or t = 0.878. That makes it possible to plant a single fifth kind in a small space in the middle. The total area planted amounts to four times the area of the trapezoids, 15.044 square hand-breadths, plus the area of the small space in the middle.. Rebbi Jonah said, working space joins working space but a kind does not meet another kind to jail it⁸⁰Each separate kind needs a working space around it, given by the strip of width 1.5 hand-breadths, but the same strip does serve two different kinds without problem. Also, the rules of “jailing” only apply to fields, not to garden beds.. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: Its seed, its seeds, its sown seeds⁸¹Here starts a new approach, viz., that the verse itself implies more than 2 kinds. The word זרוע appears only twice in the Bible, Is. 61:11 and in a description of grain (Lev. 11:37): seeds of seedlings that may be sown. In contrast to modern dictionaries which take זרוע as a word different from זרע, the authors here take it as expansion of זרע “seed.” The root is expanded three times, by taking the plural, adding a possessive suffix, and adding the letter ו. Each change is taken as a plural, hence three plurals are added for a total of six units.. That follows Rebbi Jehudah, since Rebbi Jehudah said six, seed, its seed, its seeds, its sown seeds. Rebbi Ḥaggai said, זרעיה has five letters; everywhere I find ו I delete it⁸²R. Ḥaggai assumes that originally all Hebrew spelling was what is called defective. Hence, any ו or י that is neither part of the root nor required by grammatical rules is considered an addition by later scribes and therefore is disregarded. That eliminates the ו but leaves the י which is required as sign of plural. One ends up with five letters, following the anonymous opinion in Mishnah Kilaim3:1.. This was asked of Rebbi Ḥuna, the scribe of the assembly, and he said, זירועיה is written plene⁸³The spelling זירעיה in the text is certainly wrong since the expression of ṣere by י is standard only in Mishnaic and later texts, not in Biblical ones. Hence, the plene writing refers to the masoretic spelling of the word; one has six letters, supporting Rebbi Jehudah.. Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Yannai: ⁸⁴Added from כ, needed by the context.[All inside of six⁸⁵All seeds are sown in the interior of the bed, away from the corners.. Cahana in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish:] All at the outside of six⁸⁶The corners at the boundary, which are at the outside, are sown. Then one may sow four 1-by-l corner patches, four 1-by-l patches at the center of each edge, and a center diamond, for a total of nine patches.. Then we should state “nine!” Rebbi Tanḥum from Bostra said, that is true. But our Mishnah speaks of a garden bed in the middle of garden beds⁸⁷Since the rules of “jailing” apply to garden beds as a whole, not to smaller patches, the corners cannot be sown. This is the opinion of Samuel in the Babli (Šabbat 86b). Otherwise, it really is possible to sow 9 kinds, as the Babli puts it (Šabbat 86a), in the case of a garden bed planted on land otherwise dry, with no other beds nearby. Rav in the Babli still admits only five kinds even on dry land..